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Kigali Amendment
The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is an international agreement to gradually reduce the consumption and production of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
Adopted
2016
Entered into Force
2019
Ratifications
150+
The HFC Phase-down
While HFCs do not deplete the ozone layer, they are powerful greenhouse gases with Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) hundreds to thousands of times greater than carbon dioxide.
The Kigali Amendment aims to phase down HFCs by more than 80% over the next 30 years. This single action is expected to prevent up to 0.5°C of global warming by the end of the century.
Impact on Africa
Crucial for climate change mitigation while improving cooling access and energy efficiency.
Article 5 Group 1 Schedule (Most African Nations):
- 2024: Freeze in consumption at baseline levels
- 2029: 10% reduction
- 2035: 30% reduction
- 2040: 50% reduction
- 2045: 80% reduction